آموزش پایتون – بخش دوم

lst = [1,2,3]
type(lst)

lst = [1, 2.5, 'a']
lst = ['ahmad', 'Ali', 'Reza']
len(lst)

lst[0]
lst = [1, 2.5, 'a', 'James']
lst[-1]

animals= ['cat', 'bat', 'rat', 'elephant']
print('the {} is afraid of the {}'.format(animals[-1], animals[-3]))

animals[1:3]
animals[:3]
animals[1:]
animals[:]
animals[::-1]

animals
animals_inverse = animals[::-1]
animals_inverse 

or

animals= ['cat', 'bat', 'rat', 'elephant']
animals
# recvesting a list
animals.reverse()  # use with caution
animals

animals= ['cat', 'bat', 'rat', 'elephant']
animals[1]='horse'

s1 = [1,2,3]
s2=['a','b','c']
s1+s2

animals= ['cat', 'bat', 'rat', 'elephant']
del animals[1]
or
animals.remove('rat')

animals= ['cat', 'bat', 'rat', 'elephant']
del animals[0:2]

days = ['MON', 'TUE', 'WED', 'THU', 'FRI', 'SAT', 'SUN']
'MON' in days

# append()
animals= ['cat', 'bat', 'rat', 'elephant']
animals.append('tiger')
animals.insert(2, 'lion')

animals.pop(1)

nums = [2, 5, 3.14, 1, -7]
nums.sort()

nums = [2, 5, 3.14, 1, -7]
nums.sort(reverse = True)
nums

animals= ['cat', 'bat', 'rat', 'elephant']
animals.sort()
animals

name = ['Ali', 'Ahmad', 'Sara']
grade = [20, 15, 17]
for n,g in zip(name, grade):
    print('{} got {} in exam '.format(n,g))

result:
Ali got 20 in exam 
Ahmad got 15 in exam 
Sara got 17 in exam 

lst = [1,2,3,4,5]
new_lst = []
for i in lst:
    new_lst.append(i**2)
    
or
[i**2 for i in lst]

# map
s = ['abc', 'def', 'ghi']
s2= [i.upper() for i in s]

# filter
nums = [1,2,3,4,5,6, 7, 8, 9, 10]
[x for x in nums if x%3==0]

mat = [[1,2,3],[3,4,5]] # 2x3
mat[0]
mat[0][1]

or
mat3 = [[1,2,3],['t', 'abc', '20'], ['My name', 'Tehran', 'a', [50, 'Python']]]
mat3[2][3][1]

# tuple is immutable
t = (1,2,3)
t

b = {'r', 't', 'y', 't', 'y'}
b

Capitals = {'Iran': 'Tehran', 'Germany': 'Berlin', 'France': 'Paris'}

def func_name(arguments):
  operations
  (return ...)

def say_hello(name):
    print('Hello', name)

say_hello('Mohammad')

def power_2(num):
    print(num**2)
    return num**2

def evaluate (grade):
    if grade >=18:
        return 'excellent'
    elif (grade >= 16 and grade<18):
        return 'good'
    else:
        return 'poor'

#Comment Here
def say_hello(param1='My friend!'):
    """
    This Function says Hello to any name that is present in input
    """
    print('Hello {}'.format(param1))

def add(x = 0, y = 0):
    return x+y
add(1,2)